被老师责备可以说是"be scolded by the teacher"，或者简单地说"be scolded"。
这个说法来源于动词"scold"，它的意思是斥责、责骂。
例句：
I was scolded by the teacher for not paying attention in class. (我因为上课不专心被老师责备了。)
He was scolded for being late to the meeting. (他因为开会迟到被责备了。)
She scolded her child for spilpng milk on the floor. (她因为孩子把牛奶倒在地上而责骂他。)